A town of twenty thousand people should not have this much to do indoors. Fort Walton Beach does, and the reason is not tourism planning. It is the Air Force, which put a free aircraft museum on the edge of town, and the barrier island opposite, which has spent sixty years building family attractions for exactly the afternoon you are having.
Start with the arithmetic. Within a fifteen-minute drive of downtown there is a free museum with an SR-71 and a B-52 in it, a hands-on science centre with something in the order of forty-five exhibits, a municipal museum built around a thousand-year-old temple mound with four more historic buildings on the same ticket, a marine park that has been running since 1955, and a seventeen-thousand-square-foot air-conditioned arcade with a 4D theatre and laser tag in it. Twenty minutes east adds a cinema, a large open-air shopping centre and a year-round adventure park. That is more than a wet week needs, and considerably more than most Gulf beach towns of this size can offer.
The order to do them in is worth thinking about, because they are not interchangeable. The Armament Museum is the adult one and the free one, and it takes two hours. The science centre is small, loud and pitched squarely at children between about four and eleven. The Gulfarium is partly outdoors, which makes it a grey-day answer rather than a downpour answer. Wild Willy's is entirely a wet-day machine and priced accordingly. The temple mound museum is the quiet forty-five minutes that changes how you see the town.
A word on what rain here actually does to a holiday, because visitors overestimate it. From June to September the storm builds inland over the pine of the Eglin reservation through the afternoon, and what you can see towering over the trees at two o'clock has often not reached the coast at all. Many beach afternoons stay dry while the bay gets soaked. The genuine washout is a winter or spring frontal day, flat grey and drizzling for twelve hours, and those are the days this page exists for.
The other thing worth knowing is what gets cancelled and what does not. Boats here do not cancel for rain. They cancel for lightning, for wind, and for a double red flag closing the water. That distinction saves a lot of unnecessary rebooking, and it is covered properly further down.